Which condition is characterized by cutaneous discoloration and swelling that can be compressible?

The condition characterized by cutaneous discoloration and swelling that can be compressible is a lymphatic malformation. Lymphatic malformations are typically associated with abnormal development of the lymphatic system, leading to the formation of cystic or fibrous masses that can produce skin discoloration and local swelling.

These malformations may present as soft, compressible masses that can vary in size and are often located in areas where the lymphatic vessels are more superficial, making them visually apparent and sometimes palpable. The compressibility of the swelling is a key feature, as it indicates the presence of lymphatic fluid accumulation, which is a hallmark of lymphatic malformations.

In contrast, the other conditions mentioned involve different pathophysiological processes and presentations. For instance, arteriovenous malformations typically involve excessive blood vessel connectivity leading to more pulsatile or firm masses rather than the compressible fluid-filled lesions seen in lymphatic malformations. Venous malformations may also cause skin changes but are generally firmer and less compressible compared to lymphatic lesions. Capillary malformations, while causing skin discoloration, usually present as flat red or purple marks rather than palpable swelling.